Five different sources of risk capital financing Research Paper

Five different sources of risk capital financing - Research Paper Example One of the most common sources of risk capital financing has been the angel investing. Most small companies that are starting have endeavored to in various online platforms with the aim of raising money. Ordinarily, an angel investor which involves equity finance uses their individual disposable finance to make their personal decision about making the investment. Normally shares are taken by the investor into the business in return for providing equity finance. This is with the aim of not only providing business with money to grow, but also bringing their experience and knowledge to help the company achieve success. This is the most significant source of investment in start up and early stage businesses in search of equity to grow the business and other investments. (Anonymous, 2010) Another source includes the venture capital. Normally venture capital aims at adding value in addition to the capital, towards the companies in which they invest. This reveals efforts of these investors to help the business grow and realize a greater return on the venture that has been undertaken. Ordinarily, venture capital is a type of equity financing that addresses the funding needs of entrepreneurs and companies that fails to seek capital from more traditional sources that includes public markets and banks. (SBA, 2012)This could be because of size, assets, and stage of development of the business. As discussed it can be noticed that angel investment differs significantly from venture capital finance that invests in businesses via managed funds that has been raised either through private or public money.Normaly,the venture entrepreneur director will invests the money on behalf of the fund. The capitalist should ensure that the investment is profitable and that it makes returns for the fund’s investors.Normaly,venture capital funds are more risk averse compared with angel investors’ and thus make fewer small investments in start

Teenagers and their Credit Cards Essay -- credit

Teenagers and their Credit Cards Availability of credit cards have left young people in debt. College-age students and low-income consumers, typically deemed bad risks, are easy targets for credit card companies. Credit card companies should not target college-age students and low-income consumers because of their lack of financial stability. In 1996, twenty-something consumers owed an average of $2,400 on their credit cards, nearly triple what they owed in 1990, according to research by Claritas Inc., a marketing research firm in Virginia. If, payments of $75 were made monthly to pay off a $2,400 debt, it would take 3-1/2 years with a 16 percent-rate card, and you'd pay $ 750 in interest. "There's no question that young adults are the most heavily burdened by credit card debt," said Stephen Brobeck, executive director of the Consumer Federation of America. Many will plunge into debt. Many teens waste little time taking on debt after leaving home. The number of 18 and 19 year olds with credit cards in their own name is climbing, according to Teenage Research Unlimited. Of American teen between 18 and 20 years old, 41 percent have their own cards, compared with 36 percent last year. Across all age groups, the statistics don't paint a pretty picture. Bankruptcy fillings in the United States have more than doubled in the last decade, from 530, 436 in 1986 to 1.2 million last years. Americans owe $ 484.6 billion in credit card debit, up from $ 437.9 billion in 1996, according to the Federal Reserve Board. That National Foundation for Consumer... ...bsp; Works Cited Evans, David, Richard Schmalensee. Paying with Plastic: The Digital Revolution in Buying and Borrowing. Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute, 2000 Citibank. Citibank, Nader and the Facts. New York: First National City Bank, 1974. Kaminow, Ira, James O'Brien. Studies In Selective Credit Policies. Philadelphia: Federal Reserve Bank, 1975. Mandell, Lewis. The Credit Card History: A History. Boston: Twayne, 1990. Manning, Robert. Credit Card Nation: The Consequences of America's Addiction to Credit. New York: Basic Books, 2000. Polto's, Pearl, Bob Oskam. Easy Guide to Good Credit. New York: Berkley Books, 1990. Wood, Oliver, William Barskdale. How to Borrow Money. New York: Van Nostrand, 1981.

How does Priestly present Shelia Birling? Essay

In the play â€Å"An Inspector Calls† by J.B.Priestly, Shelia Birling is presented as being honest, perceptive and open to Socialist ideas. Her presentation changes as the play progresses and she changes from naà ¯ve innocence to a more mature and pro-socialist woman with a deep understanding of her capitalistic society’s flaws. At the start of the play, Shelia is portrayed as being naà ¯ve and oblivious to the struggles of the working class, but she shows remorse when her own guilt is exposed. The stage directions tell us that she is â€Å"very pleased with life† and is young, attractive and has just become engaged. However, she does not know about the struggles of the working class and soon expresses horror at her father’s treatment of Eva Smith. Although she has probably never before considered the impact of her decisions on the working class, she shows compassion immediately she hears of Eva Smith’s death. She first exclaims â€Å"How horrible!† and proceeds to tell her father â€Å"But these girls aren’t cheap labour – they’re people.† However, when the Inspector reveals Shelia’s role in causing the chain of events that lead to Eva Smith’s suicide, Shelia is horrified by her own part in Eva’s story and is moved to tears. She feels full of guilt for her jealous actions and blames herself as â€Å"really responsible.† Shelia acknowledges her blame and admits to her jealousy actions, marking her as more progressive and open-minded than the older generation consisting of her parents. Shelia is starting to change and becomes increasingly sympathetic and pro-socialist as the play progresses. As the Play continues, Sheila is presented as being increasingly perceptive and we can see this when after her interrogation, she changes and in a sense begins to adopt the Inspector’s character. When the Inspector starts questioning Gerald and Mrs Birling, Shelia not only insists on watching, but also helps the Inspector by filling in minor details and asking questions of her own. We can see this shortly before Gerald’s questioning, Shelia tells the Inspector â€Å"I don’t understand about you† then â€Å"she stares at him [The Inspector] wonderingly and dubiously† and when Mrs Birling enters â€Å"briskly and self-confidently, quite out of touch with the little scene†¦ Shelia feels this at once. † Shelia is also the first one to realise the Inspector’s semi- omniscience, saying that â€Å"No, he’s giving us the rope – so that we’ll hang ourselves.† Shelia insists that Mrs Birling must not â€Å"build a wall between us and the girl† as â€Å"the Inspector will just break it down,† The effect of these stage directions and dialogue, is to emphasise how Shelia is becoming increasingly perceptive and begins to see through her family’s translucency. We can tell that Shelia is becoming increasingly perceptive and can see how the entire family is involved in this scandal. – Sheila acknowledges the Inspector’s. Realises everyone is to blame, and by not accepting the blame they are digging their own graves. Superior to her family in the sense that the knowledge has hit her; she knows that her family have done wrong. You not only knew her but you knew her very well.† – Perceptive; Knows that everyone is to blame; becomes perceptive. already aware of her actions and how they are wrong. She is willing to change her views but there is a sense of holding back throughout the play, like how she feels the need to share the blame. This is her internal conflict between the views she has been brought up with and the views she knows are right. Priestley uses Sheila to show how the younger generation can change views & realise their mistakes. Shelia’s transformation from an immature girl to an emphatic and mature woman during the course of the play is used as evidence that the younger generation can stop and prevent tragedies such as Eva Smith’s death from happening. Priestly uses Shelia to show that people can change from their capitalistic and materialistic society. ways to a more Socialist and equal society. He does this by showing all the disadvantages of following the capitalist ways by using Sheila as an example and by this, it makes the audience realise the way they are living has a serious effect on the working class (the death of eva smith) and that they should change their ways (like Sheila did) and they will have more sense of morality in their conscience. She admits her guilt, saying that â€Å"It was my own fault† and â€Å"I’ll never, never do anything †

Critical Roles in Identifying Strategy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1597 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? As outlined by Swamidass as well as Newell (1987), Strategy means actions or perhaps styles involving actions created for the particular accomplishment of targets. Put simply, within a good organizational environment, method to be a managing vocabulary should go much further as compared to mere objectives to behave or perhaps designed method; it (strategy) in addition considers individuals à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"sequence involving decisionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ that indicate proof of a new à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"posteriori consistenciesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in the way that judgments usually are used, specially inside a business structure setting (Mintzberg, 1978). Mainly, the idea of method identifies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“organizational method that specifies precisely how a good enterprise or perhaps its business units accomplish and keep competitive edge within its industryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Pun (2005: pg284). One of the fundamental matter of conversations which has always been central to analysts al ong with experts inside career fields of macro organizational actions of actors from the corporate and business group along with arranged supervision could be the study of the human relationships which exist among tactic along with composition within significant, complicated organizations. Even so, Burgelman (1983) feels that previous investigation conducted in this area possesses merely created disagreeing propositions based on the directionality of such relationships. Repeating more, they feel that each propositions: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"strategy employs structureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ along with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"structure employs strategyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ look like logical according to which often human body involving empirical research is needed to be able to improve the particular discussion. However, this article of an approach is critical any time issues involving dependability upon, in addition to uniformity in the approach are generally involving utmost worry. The Pettigrew in addi tion to Whipp (1993) design offers called this article involving approach sinceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the assessment and choice of products and markets, setting objectives and targets with some evaluationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (cited via Hutchinson, 2001: pg271). Inside the context involving area regeneration, as outlined by Hutchinson (2001), the content involving strategy will be the range of themes or templates, top priority areas, or perhaps groupings rather than products or markets. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"area involving regenerationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ viewpoint, since Hutchinson (2001) has additionally suggested, enables you to examine what approach really claims since the section of regeneration is known to prioritize area of needs. Repeating further, hes on the view that strategy content may be the selection made to focus on key issues for instance enterprise support, environment improvement, in addition to the inside investment. The spot involving regeneration methods, neverthel ess, will be very cynical in the value of the strategies, plus the quest in addition to value statements especially, associated with a firm (Hutchinson, 2001: pg272). Quite a few aids that behave as the determinants regarding strategy content, that happen to be likewise known as the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"trinity of forcesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, are acknowledged. Like for example, strategy process, content, and also (internal and also external) context forces (Pettigrew and also Whipp, 1993; Hutchinson, 2001; and also Pun, 2005). In this record, stress is going to be on the vital analysis of the importance of the process and also context of strategy in determining the strategy content. In the section below, an assessment of the function of strategy process as being a determinant of strategic content are likely to be presented. An evaluation of the purpose of strategy context in terms of strategy content determination may succinctly comply with in a pursuing section. A section on conclusion o f the record is going to be presented later. Strategy Process as a Determinant of Strategy Content Strategic process, as a force, basically consists of the subsequent entities: implementation and/or strategy formation, change managers, pattern through time and models of change (Pettigrew Whipp, 1993; Hutchinson,2001; Pun,2005). The strategy process, being a significant force that ascertains strategy content, may ideally be termed as models. Those models are determined as: Rational Process Model- It facilitates finance allocation to project as well as strategic guidance usually directed to management. The Stakeholders Model- Here, effectiveness of organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strategy will take place only when it complies with the need of its stakeholders groups. The Decision Process Model- Here, some major questions are answered by strategy development such as; where to go? How to get there? What actions should be taken? How to know that we are on right track? (Hu tchinson, 2001: pgs270-271) A rational process of strategy, with the change managersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ factor, can often be led simply by major managing authorities and also consulting a broader array of specialists. A stakeholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s model, on the other hand, normally takes on that stakeholder easily contemplate much broader debate and as a consequence, identification of problems and their negotiation in achieving the mutual agreement between almost all stakeholders is on course (Pun, 2005). The decision model focuses on the problem of domiciliation of decision-making power. Nevertheless, Hutchinson (2001), states that the dynamic underlining the rational process model will be in a way that formulation of the strategy is a significant end result; it may actually end up being seen that the procedure for putting the many parts of a strategy together can often be as significant as the document itself. Strongly disagreeing, Healy states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“strategy does n ot just lie in the text of same plans. It lives in the minds of actors in policy communitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Healy, 1997: pg4). Thus it is true that if an array of partners has participated within the strategy development process they are more dedicated to its successful implementation. In a distinct development, a premise to understanding a strategy can be provided through the pattern of time, which has to be in line with the amount of time it takes to implement the strategy. Among the key inferences drawn by Bramwell (1997) is that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an effective strategic response has only evolved after the event, but that nevertheless it is effective. The extent of that success will however only be observable over a long-term perspectiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Bramwell (1997: pg173). Strategy Context as a Determinant of Strategy Content Strategy context as another significant force when determining strategy content, in the models mentioned above, can be divided into two primary elem ents: Internal and External environmental strategy context elements. The idea within the internal strategy context, the ways at which an organization configures itself in order to achieve its strategic goals will often be included in the strategy development, has been reinforced in the business literature (Hutchinson, 2001;Richter and Schmidt, 2005;and Pun, 2005). Particular facets of the internal strategy context elements are determined as the management team characteristics, administration framework and power distribution (Richter and Schmidt, 2005). The external environmental strategy context elements plays a significant function as essential informative variable inside the confinement of the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s external environment, whereby strategy content is described as function of external factors, that happen to be taken into account in structuring of the entire strategy content of the organization (Hutchinson, 2001 and Muralidharan, 2004). In the external struc ture, components determined with the strategy context include munificence, intricacy and uncertainty (Richter and Schmidt, 2005). The comparative significance of decision-specific vis-ÃÆ'  -vis associated organizational variables, which in turn shape the decision-making process of a business pertaining to antecedents of consistency between individual decisions upon resource allocations, and also the idea of corporate strategy have been researched by Richter and Schmidt (2005). A model was used to obtain ideas on the affect regarding organizational and decision specific components about reliability. Statistical assessments were then executed on the hypotheses using data from 493 resource allocation decision sources. As a result of analysis conducted, it was discovered that the decision specific individual resource allocation factors are much more significant due to their reliability with the relevant corporate strategy concept as compared to organizational factors. It is therefore , in the guise, imperative to hypothesize the ways in which an individual organization builds its very own business strategies as well as the strategies of regions in which it functions, can potentially be molded by the drive to be more business-oriented in addition to strengthen business economic variables: economy, efficiency and effectiveness. The eminent result in this respect is apparent in the imperative part strategy context plays from an internal purvey. CONCLUSION Within the foregoing, the problem strategy process and strategy context depending on critical roles they play in the identifying strategy content within the entirety has been the centre of debate in this report. Specifically, a crucial review of the various roles the strategy process and the context factors play in determining the strategy content of an organization has been produced. To begin with, a background overview of organizational strategy within the entirety was considered. This specific presented i ncrease into a cognizant consideration in the roles strategy content and strategy context will play to define the various components of strategy content in addition to the eventual growth into proper organizational structure. Thus the conclusion being that the strategy process contributes profoundly to strategy content by drawing about the major component aspects, which include models of change, pattern through time, change managers and strategy formulation and/or implementation. However, it was furthermore concluded that an organization aiming to be additional business-oriented though enhancing the enterprise financial parameters including economy, efficiency and effectiveness would certainly always function frantically to be able to shape up those strategies within its immediate operations; and this can certainly finest be performed by concentrating on the problems underlining strategy context. References: Hickson, David J., Richard J. Butler, David Cray, Geoffrey R. Mallory , and David C. Wilson (1986), Top decisions: Strategic decision-making in organizations, Basil Blackwell: Oxford. Fredrickson, James W. (1986), The strategic decision process and organizational structure, Academy of Management Review 11 (2), 280-297. Pfeffer, Jeffrey (1992), Managing with power: Politics and influence in organizations, Harvard Business School Press: Boston. Hitt, Michael and Beverly B. Tyler (1991), Strategic decision models: Integrating different perspectives, Strategic Management Journal 12, 327-352. Mintzberg, Henry and Frances Westley (1992), Cycles of organizational change, Strategic Management Journal 13, 39-59 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Critical Roles in Identifying Strategy" essay for you Create order